Published on 7 October 2021
In support to the International Charter, a tool, performing workflow and information management, is used during the operational process of activations. Custom implemented and maintained by the European Space Agency (ESA) since 2010, the "Charter Operations System 2nd generation" (COS-2) provides accurate information about Charter activations. COS-2 is dedicated to Charter members and partners, providing a dedicated interface according to the operational role of the user, from the entering of the activation request up to the preparation of the final report. In particular, it helps the Charter Project Manager (PM) to order, make a preliminary assessment of the satellite images (based on preview images) and deliver Earth Observation (EO) data in the disaster response phase. It provides dashboards to monitor activations and displays metadata, quick looks and footprints of the EO data. COS-2 has been made available for operations starting at the beginning of 2015 and since then it has been used to support all of the Charter activations.
To better support Charter PMs and Value Adders (VA) in the context of activations, COS-2 has been augmented with a processing environment, i.e., a suite of on-line EO-based services that is called the ESA Charter Mapper. It is able to access and display EO data, perform visual analysis, apply GIS functionalities and to perform EO-based processing to extract geo-information from imagery.
Figure 1. ESA Charter Mapper Geobrowser showing the available datasets of one of the Charter activations.
Since August 2021, the ESA Charter Mapper is available to support operations. It is intended to ease access and use of the EO data during an activation. EO data received from the Charter members and partners through COS-2 are automatically ingested and transformed as full-resolution browse EO images. The PMs and VAs can browse imagery, filter and select the EO data of interest, analyze and process them online with EO-based services and toolboxes. They can use the ESA Charter Mapper to create ad-hoc composites of different spectral bands to optimize the signal to the type of hazards and to observe changes across time as the activation develops.
Automated processing executed in the background whenever new EO data is provided, allows PMs and VAs to immediately operate pre-processed data, reducing their workload. However, the generation of information products (Value-Added Products) requires supervision from experts and remains the responsibility of the VAs and PMs.
Figure 2. Result of the Multi-sensor Band Composite service created on the ESA Charter Mapper. This was produced using three Copernicus Sentinel-1 acquisitions of summer 2018 in the context of a severe flooding event linked to a dam failure. In blue the water reservoir that leaked following the collapse of a saddle dam is shown. The flooding shows up in red. This trial product was generated using data acquired in the context of Activation 578 triggered by UNITAR and UNOOSA on behalf of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Department of Disaster Management and Climate of Laos. Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel-1 data 2018, processed by ESA.
Figure 3. The Geobrowser of the ESA Charter Mapper showing the slider (or "Compare Layers") function and illustrating the evolution in time of the flooding that hit Sri Lanka in early June 2021. The left layer shows the situation one day after the flood hit the area on 5 June and the right layer six days after the event. Both layers use RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) imagery acquired on 6 and 11 June 2021, respectively. The data were acquired in the context of Activation 716, which was a Sentinel Asia escalation to the Charter triggered by ADRC on behalf of the Disaster Management Center of Sri Lanka. RADARSAT Constellation Mission Imagery © Government of Canada (2021) - RADARSAT is an official mark of the Canadian Space Agency.
The idea of an on-line processing environment finds its origin in 2017. The Charter started a reflection about a complete on-line processing environment that would ease access and use of EO data during Charter operations, considering also the strong increase of EO data provided for each activation (often hundreds of images) by the Charter member agencies. Back in 2017, ESA proposed a prototype of a Processing Environment with basic online services, like the visualization and screening of full-resolution EO data. Based on ESA's proposition, the Charter defined the guidelines for exploiting such capability and all the procedures required from testing to operations. Other Charter members are also taking the initiative and are proposing other Processing Environments.